SpringBoot实现IP地址归属地查询
一、Ip2region简介
一个离线
IP数据管理框架和定位库，支持亿级别的数据段，10 微秒级别的查询性能，提供了许多主流编程语言的xdb数据管理引擎的实现。
Github 地址：
https://github.com/lionsoul2014/ip2region
Gitee 地址：
https://gitee.com/lionsoul/ip2region
功能特性
标准化的数据格式
每个 IP 数据段的 region 信息都固定了格式： 国家|区域|省份|城市|ISP，只有中国的数据绝大部分精确到了城市，其他国家部分数据只能定位到国家，后前的选项全部是 0。
数据去重和压缩
xdb 格式生成程序会自动去重和压缩部分数据，默认的全部 IP 数据，生成的 ip2region.xdb 数据库是 11MB，随着数据的详细度增加数据库的大小也慢慢增大。
极速查询响应
即使是完全基于 xdb 文件的查询，单次查询响应时间在十微秒级别
IP 数据管理框架
v2.0 格式的 xdb 支持亿级别的 IP 数据段行数， region 信息也可以完全自定义。例如：可以在 region 中追加特定业务需求的数据，例如： GPS 信息/国际统一地域信息编码/邮编等。
二、获取 IP 归属地
引入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.lionsoul</groupId>
<artifactId>ip2region</artifactId>
<version>2.6.5</version>
</dependency>
下载 ip2region.xdb
下载地址：
https://gitee.com/lionsoul/ip2region/blob/master/data/ip2region.xdb
将下载后的 ip2region.xdb 文件复制到 resources/ipdb 文件夹下
目录结构如下
三、编写工具类IpUtil
查询格式
{
"code": "200",
"data": {
"省份": "陕西省",
"国家": "中国",
"ip": "36.44.97.145",
"运营商": "电信",
"城市": "西安市"
},
"status": "success"
}
IpUtil.java
package com.kaifamiao.iptoaddress;
import org.lionsoul.ip2region.xdb.Searcher;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.util.FileCopyUtils;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class IpUtil {
private static Searcher searcher;
public static boolean checkIp(String ipAddress) {
String ip = "([1-9]|[1-9]\\d|1\\d{2}|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5])(\\.(\\d|[1-9]\\d|1\\d{2}|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5])){3}";
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(ip);
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(ipAddress);
return matcher.matches();
}
/**
* 在服务启动时，将 ip2region 加载到内存中
*/
@PostConstruct
private static void initIp2Region() {
try {
InputStream inputStream = new ClassPathResource("/ipdb/ip2region.xdb").getInputStream();
byte[] bytes = FileCopyUtils.copyToByteArray(inputStream);
searcher = Searcher.newWithBuffer(bytes);
} catch (Exception exception) {
exception.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* * 获取 ip 所属地址 *
* * @param ip ip
* * @return
*/
public static Map<String,Object> getIpRegion(String ip) {
boolean isIp = checkIp(ip);
if (isIp) {
initIp2Region();
Map<String,Object> resp =new HashMap<>();
try {
// searchIpInfo 的数据格式： 国家|区域|省份|城市|ISPxx
String searchIpInfo = searcher.search(ip);
String[] splitIpInfo = searchIpInfo.split("\\|");
if (splitIpInfo.length > 0) {
if ("中国".equals(splitIpInfo[0])) {
// 国内属地返回省份
resp.put("国家",splitIpInfo[0]);
resp.put("省份",splitIpInfo[2]);
resp.put("城市",splitIpInfo[3]);
resp.put("运营商",splitIpInfo[4]);
return resp;
} else if ("0".equals(splitIpInfo[0])) {
if ("内网IP".equals(splitIpInfo[4])) {
// 内网 IP
resp.put("内网 IP",splitIpInfo[0]);
return resp;
} else {
resp.put("status","ERROR");
return resp;
}
} else {
// 国外属地返回国家
resp.put("国家",splitIpInfo[0]);
return resp;
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
resp.put("status","ERROR");
return resp;
// return "";
} else {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("非法的IP地址");
}
}
}
四、编写控制器Controller
获取客户端请求过来的Ip地址
String remoteAddr = request.getRemoteAddr();
// 如果使用了代理，如Nginx, Apache等，需从以下header中获取真实IP
String forwarded = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For");
String realIp = request.getHeader("X-Real-IP");
String ip = (forwarded != null) ? forwarded.split(",")[0] : (realIp != null) ? realIp : remoteAddr;
package com.kaifamiao.iptoaddress;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@RestController
public class Demo {
@GetMapping("/getIp")
public Map<String, Object> getIp(HttpServletRequest request) {
String remoteAddr = request.getRemoteAddr();
// 如果使用了代理，如Nginx, Apache等，需从以下header中获取真实IP
String forwarded = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For");
String realIp = request.getHeader("X-Real-IP");
String ip = (forwarded != null) ? forwarded.split(",")[0] : (realIp != null) ? realIp : remoteAddr;
//获取IP地址后，格式化输出
Map<String, Object> response = new HashMap<>();
response.put("code", "200");
response.put("status", "success");
Map<String, Object> data = IpUtil.getIpRegion(ip);
data.put("ip", ip);
response.put("data", data);
return response;
}
}
五、使用
a、局域网
b、部署到服务器后访问
c、本机访问
互联网演示地址
http://blog.kaifamiao.com/getIp
六、最后
gitee地址：
https://gitee.com/kaifamiaos/iptoaddress
附：获取客户端请求IP地址
package com.example.demo;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
public class IpUtil {
private static final String UNKNOWN = "unknown";
private static final String HEADER_FORWARDED = "x-forwarded-for";
private static final String HEADER_PROXY = "Proxy-Client-IP";
private static final String HEADER_WL_PROXY = "WL-Proxy-Client-IP";
private static final String HEADER_HTTP = "HTTP_CLIENT_IP";
private static final String HEADER_HTTP_FORWARDED = "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR";
private static final String LOCAL_IP = "127.0.0.1";
private static final String LOCAL_HOST = "localhost";
/** * 获取 IP 地址 * * @param request * @return */
public String getIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) {
String ip = request.getHeader(HEADER_FORWARDED);
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || UNKNOWN.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader(HEADER_PROXY); }
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || UNKNOWN.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader(HEADER_WL_PROXY); }
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || UNKNOWN.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader(HEADER_HTTP); }
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || UNKNOWN.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader(HEADER_HTTP_FORWARDED); }
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || UNKNOWN.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getRemoteAddr(); } // 本机访问
if (LOCAL_IP.equalsIgnoreCase(ip) || LOCAL_HOST.equalsIgnoreCase(ip) || "0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
// 根据网卡取本机配置的 IP
try {
InetAddress localHost = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
ip = localHost.getHostAddress();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} // 对于通过多个代理的情况，第一个 IP 为客户端真实 IP,多个 IP 按照','分割
if (ip != null && ip.length() > 15) {
if (ip.indexOf(",") > 15) {
ip = ip.substring(0, ip.indexOf(","));
} } return ip;
}}